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Land and
Governance
The many different levels of authority and users complicate the use and
control of much of the land. About 70% of the region is used for
agriculture (30% for small-scale farming, 20% for communal grazing, 9%
for large farms in the Tsumeb area, 11% by the Mangetti farmers and
people that have fenced off large 'informal' farms in Owambo) and about
30% for conservation (largely the government-controlled Etosha).
Growing demands for land and
the shortage of land suitable for crop cultivation mean that few areas
now remain open where people can establish new small farms for
themselves. Common property resources, such as grazing pastures, are
diminishing as a result of increasing competition and because they are
being enclosed in fenced farms. Certain urban areas are growing rapidly,
but most people that live in towns in Owambo retain close links and
rights to resources for farming in rural areas.
Illustrations:
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Boundaries of the 41
constituencies & four political regions in 1998
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Approximate boundaries
of tribal authorities
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Distribution of land
under the control of different authorities or people
-
Distribution of
different land uses
-
Changes in the
boundaries of cleared areas and fenced farms
To
view the illustration in more detail, click on the thumbnail.
 Boundaries
of the 41 constituencies & four political regions in 1998 (149 KB)
download jpg image
 Approximate
boundaries of tribal authorities based on predominant languages based on
the 1991 Population and Housing census (98 KB)
download jpg image
 Distribution
of land under the control of different authorities or people (176 KB)
download
jpg image
 Distribution
of different land uses (212 KB)
download
jpg image
 Changes
in the boundaries of cleared areas and fenced farms over several decades
for four sample areas near Tsandi, Okalongo Onankali and Okongo (249 KB)
download jpg image
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